Making Tax Digital for cattery owners: what's changing in April 2026

TL;DR: Making Tax Digital for Income Tax (MTD ITSA) hits self-employed UK cattery owners in three waves, based on qualifying income from self-employment and/or property: over £50,000 from 6 April 2026, over £30,000 from 6 April 2027, over £20,000 from 6 April 2028. Three things change for your business: digital records that must be created by the relevant update deadline (paper or unstructured records can still be kept, but are not enough on their own), four quarterly updates per tax year (plus a Self Assessment tax return using compatible software), and compatible software to send the quarterly updates and submit the tax return. The time required varies with transaction volume, record quality and the software you use; the continuing duty is to keep accurate digital records and check the software-generated update. The shift is the rhythm: from a once-a-year January scramble to a four-times-a-year discipline.

Current HMRC rule: Each update is calculated by compatible software from digital records and covers cumulative category totals from the start of the tax year to the end of the update period - not only the previous three months. If record keeping and filing use different software, keep a permitted digital link between them; manual re-keying or clipboard transfer is not a digital link. HMRC will not apply penalty points for late quarterly updates in 2026/27, but the updates must still be sent before you submit your Self Assessment tax return using compatible software. Check HMRC digital-record guidance, quarterly-update guidance and HMRC's current MTD journey.

If you run a UK cattery as a sole trader, the headline news is short. MTD ITSA becomes mandatory in three steps, based on qualifying income from self-employment and/or property:

• From 6 April 2026 — qualifying income over £50,000.
• From 6 April 2027 — qualifying income over £30,000.
• From 6 April 2028 — qualifying income over £20,000.

That will catch many established sole-trader catteries running 10–20 pens through peak Christmas and summer demand, especially those layering grooming, day-boarding, or retail income on top. If you also rent out a property, that rental income counts toward the same threshold.

The three real changes:

1. Digital records are required. Create and keep the required income and expense records in a structured digital format by the relevant update deadline. A spreadsheet can work when compatible software preserves the required digital links and can send the quarterly updates and tax return. Some cloud accounting software can handle both record keeping and filing; check HMRC's current compatible-software list and the provider's supported features. Paper or unstructured records can still be kept, but they are not enough on their own once MTD applies; the required records must also be created and kept digitally by the relevant deadline.
2. Four quarterly updates per tax year, plus your Self Assessment tax return using compatible software. Each update contains cumulative totals for the categories you use, from the start of the tax year to the update-period end. You make the relevant adjustments and complete the tax calculation when you prepare and submit your Self Assessment tax return using compatible software.
3. compatible software for the quarterly updates. MTD for Income Tax updates and the tax return must be sent through compatible software. You need either a cloud accounting tool that handles the submission natively, or a spreadsheet paired with compatible bridging software that supports the workbook and a permitted digital link.

Three changes. The rest is operational discipline.

Worth saying plainly: MTD does not change the underlying tax rules. A quarterly update can produce an estimate, but it is not a final tax calculation: adjustments and the final liability are dealt with through the tax return.

Review your existing workflow against HMRC's digital-record and compatible-software requirements. Keep useful invoicing, expense and mileage habits, then close any gap in structured digital records and permitted digital links.

The catteries that'll find this hardest are the ones currently running on a paper booking diary and a January reconciliation. That annual-only approach is not enough once MTD applies because the required digital records must exist by each update deadline. Your accountant cannot submit a quarterly update if you've handed them nothing for the quarter.

Practical move for the next 30 days: get every business transaction running through a separate business bank account. Set a 15-minute weekly admin slot (Sunday evening works for most catteries, after the last collection of the day) to log boarding fees, food and litter purchases, vet costs, licence-related expenses, and mileage against the right categories. That single habit takes you most of the way.

A quarterly update is not a tax return. It contains cumulative category totals from the start of the tax year to the update-period end. For a cattery, useful internal tracking categories include the following; your filing software should map them to the HMRC fields required for your income source and turnover:

Cumulative income to this update-period end: standard boarding fees per pen-night, peak-season uplifts (Christmas, summer, Easter), single-cat versus multi-cat-from-same-household discounts, day-boarding income, retail product sales (food, treats, accessories), and any add-ons like specialist diets, medication administration fees, or grooming.

Total expenses by category: food and litter, premises rates and maintenance, utilities, vet bills (your own routine vet costs, not bills passed back to owners), pen and equipment renewal, insurance (public liability, custody-of-animals cover, employer's liability if you have staff), local-authority licence fees and inspection costs, professional memberships (Pet Industry Federation, Feline Advisory Bureau / iCatCare), training and CPD, accountant, bank charges, software (booking systems), phone, marketing, workwear, and use-of-home if you live on-site.

You don't reconcile each line at the quarterly stage. Your software sends cumulative category totals from the start of the tax year to the update-period end. You make the relevant adjustments and complete the tax calculation when you prepare and submit your Self Assessment tax return using compatible software.

When your records are current, compatible software can calculate the update for you to check. Each update is cumulative from the start of the tax year to the end of the update period. If record keeping and filing use different software, transfer the records through a permitted digital link such as linked cells, CSV import/export or an API; manual re-keying or clipboard transfer is not a digital link.

VAT MTD has been mandatory since 2019. Most sole-trader catteries run below the £90,000 VAT threshold and aren't VAT-registered. If you are VAT-registered (a multi-pen operation with retail layered on top can cross the threshold), you've already been doing quarterly digital VAT submissions, and ITSA MTD layers on top as a separate filing.

Your local-authority animal-licensing fees and inspection costs (under the Animal Welfare (Licensing of Activities Involving Animals) (England) Regulations 2018, or equivalent in Scotland, Wales, or Northern Ireland) are legitimate business expenses recorded under "professional fees" or a dedicated "licensing" category. The licence itself is a regulatory matter, not a tax matter. Your accountant doesn't deal with licensing; your local-authority animal-licensing officer does.

Cash payments are the area HMRC scrutinises most heavily for any cash-frequent business. Catteries are less cash-heavy than some pet-services trades because most owners pay deposits in advance by card or transfer, but cash on collection still happens. Every cash payment needs a record at the moment of payment.

There are three legitimate routes. Each has a real fit and a real cost. Pick once, commit, and stop second-guessing.

Cloud accounting software. Prices and features change. Check HMRC's compatible-software list and confirm the provider's current support for MTD Income Tax, bank feeds, invoicing and any payroll or CIS features you need. Best fit: catteries with employed staff, those running grooming or retail alongside boarding, or anyone with a high transaction volume.

Spreadsheet plus bridging software. The spreadsheet is your record of income and expenses; compatible bridging software that supports the workbook and a permitted digital link reads the spreadsheet and submits to HMRC in the format MTD requires. Best fit: solo-operator catteries with simple finances and a preference for one-time purchases over monthly subscriptions.

Hand it to your accountant. They handle the quarterly updates on your behalf. Costs more than DIY, but if your accountant already does your year-end, the marginal cost is manageable. The catch: they can only file what you give them. Quarterly cadence still requires you to maintain the records weekly.

There's no "best" answer. The right choice depends on your transaction volume, your tech comfort, and what you already pay for.

If you are required to use MTD and your records are not yet digital, act now: bring them up to date from the date HMRC says your digital records must start, choose compatible software and check your current update deadlines.

1. Open a separate business bank account if you don't already have one. Move all owner deposits, balance payments, and supplier spend through it. Every other MTD step gets easier when business spend stops mixing with personal.
2. Pick one tool (spreadsheet plus bridging, cloud accounting, or your accountant) and commit. Set it up properly with the right categories for cattery work.
3. Start a 15-minute weekly admin slot. Sunday evening, last collection done, kettle on. Log the week's boarding fees, food and litter, vet costs, and any retail.
4. If you're VAT-registered, layer ITSA MTD onto your existing quarterly rhythm. Same month-end discipline, second submission.
5. If you're not VAT-registered (most catteries aren't), build the rhythm now. Check HMRC's current update periods and deadlines for the tax year in which you must join.

If you do nothing else this month: the bank account split. Most disputes about income, expenses, and category totals can be traced to mixed personal-and-business spend. The worst route is no route.

For the broader weekly habit applied across UK trades, see keeping your business expenses HMRC-ready in 15 minutes a week. Same operational discipline, different setting.

Check current GOV.UK guidance and HMRC compatible-software information for your own MTD obligations.

The time required varies with transaction volume, record quality and the software you use; the continuing duty is to keep accurate digital records and check the software-generated update. If you want full cloud accounting instead, that's a different decision and we'd say so plainly.

The kit pairs with the cattery business documents bundle (£19.99) if you also want owner contracts, cat intake forms, vaccination declarations, emergency authorisation forms, and GDPR templates with the right MTD-friendly categories built in.

This article is general guidance, not tax advice or veterinary advice. For your specific tax position, consult a qualified accountant. For licensing, vaccination protocols, or animal-health matters, consult your local-authority animal-licensing officer or a registered veterinary surgeon.